Reddish, jelly bean-shaped body organs. Most people have two kidneys but people can live with one. The kidneys are in the lower back just under the bottom of the rib cage. A kidney is about the size of your fist. The kidneys are very important because they remove waste and fluid from the body and produce urine. They also help to control blood pressure, produce red blood cells, keep our bones strong, maintain the chemical balance of the blood, change Vitamin D so that the body can use it, and get rid of drugs and poisons.